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Ayahuasca: alkaloids, plants & analogs
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References R - Z

[Incomplete citations are mostly second-hand.]
  • Rätsch, Christian (1998) Enzyklopädie der Psychoaktiven Pflanzen. Botanik, Ethnopharmakologie und Anwendung. ISBN 3-85502-570-3. AT Verlag, Switzerland.
  • Ramírez de Jara, María Clemencia (1986) América Indígena 46(1): 162-188. "Los hijos del bejuco solar y la campa celeste. El yaje en la cultura popular urbana."
  • Raymond-Hamet (1941) CR Soc. Biol. 135: 69-73.
  • Reichel-Dolmatoff, Geraldo (1969) Revista de la Academía Colombiana de Ciencias Exactos, Fisicas y Naturales (Bogatá) 13 (51): 327-345. "El contexto cultural de un alucinógeno aborigen: Banisteriopsis Caapi."
  • Reichel-Dolmatoff, Geraldo (1972) "The Cultural Context of an Aboriginal Hallucinogen, Banisteriopsis caapi." pp. 84-113, Chapter Three, in Peter. T. Furst (ed.) Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens. (New York: Prager) First published in Spanish as Reichel-Dolmatoff (1969)
  • Reichel-Dolmatoff, Geraldo (1975) The Shaman and the Jaguar: A Study of Narcotic Drugs Among the Indians of Colombia. Temple University Press, Philadelphia. ISBN 0-87722-038-7.
  • Reinberg, P. (1921) Journal de la Société des Américanistes Paris 13: 25-54, 197-216. "Contributión a l'étude des biossons toxiques des indiens du nord-ouest de l'Amazone: l'ayahuasca, le yagé, le huánto. Étude comparative toxico-physiologique d'une experience personelle."
  • Reinberg, P. (1965) Bebidas Tóxicas de los Indios del Amazonas: El Ayahuasca_El Yaje_El Huanto. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Ciencia Nueva, Volume 4. Lima.
  • Reinhard, E. et al. (1968) Phytochemistry 7: 503-504. "Nachweis von harmin in gewebekulturen von Peganum harmala." [E. Reinhard, G. Corduan & O.H. Volk]
  • Reko, Victor A. (1932-1933) Heil-Gewurzpfl. 15 (3): 135. "Ayahuasca, der Trank der grauenhaften Träume."
  • Rendig, V.V. et al. (1976) California Agriculture (June): 8-10. "Phalaris `Staggers' in California." (V.V. Rendig, D.W. Cooper, J.R. Dunbar, C.M. Lawrence, W.J. Clawson, R.B. Bushnell & E.A. McComb)
  • Rendig, V.V. et al. (1970) Crop Science 10: 682-683. "Variation in indolealkylamine content in individual Phalaris aquatica L. plants." (V.V. Rendig, R.M. Welch & E.A. McComb)
  • Renner, S. S. et al. (1990) Flowering plants of Amazonian Ecuador—A checklist (AAU Reports 24: 1-241) (Renner, S. S., H. Balslev & L. B. Holm-Nielsen)
  • Reutter, K. (1927) Schweitz. Apotheker Zeit. 25: 289. "Du yagé ou aya huesca." [Work using poorly identified material; lacking herbarium vouchers.]
  • Ribas, J. et al. (1972) Anales di Quimica 68: 299-302. "Investigation del contenido en Alcaloides de la Banisteriopsis inebrians (Malpighiceae)." [I. Ribas, J. Saa & L. Casiedo]
  • Richman, G.D. (1990/1991) Shaman's Drum 22: pp. ??? "The Santo Daime Doctrine: an Interview with Alex Polari de Alverga." [from Don et al. 1998]
  • Rieth (1861) Ann 120: 247
  • Ríos, Oscar (1962) Anales de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima. 45 (1-2): 22-66. "Aspectos preliminares al estudio Farmaco-Psiquiátrico del Ayahuasca y su Principio Activo." CA 1963 59: 3215.
  • Ríos, Oscar & Marlene Dobkin de Rios (1967) Transcultural Psychiatric Research 4 (October): ?-?. "Psychotherapy with Ayahuasca (a Harmine Drink) in N. Peru: Research Report and Proposal."
  • Rivas Vasquez, Don Agustin (as told to Jaya Bear) (2000) Shaman's Drum 54: 40-47. "Plant Diets in the Training of a Peruvian Healer."
  • Rivier, Laurent & Jan-Erik Lindgren (1972) Economic Botany 26: 101-129. " "Ayahuasca", the South American Hallucinogenic Drink: an Ethnobotanical and Chemical Investigation."
  • Robinson, B. (1965) Chem. Ind. (London) 605.
  • Robinson, S. (1969) Conferencia sustentada en el Instituto Ecuadoriano del Folklore, Quito. "El comlejo cultural del yagé (ayahuasca) entre los Cofanes."
  • Rodrigues, William Antônio (1980) Acta Amazonica 1: 1-123. "Revisão taxonômica das espécies de Virola Aublet (Myristicaceae) do Brasil."
  • Rodriguez, E. et al (1982) Journal of Ethnopharmacology 6: 303-309. "The possible role of Amazonian psychoactive plants in the chemotherapy of parasitic worms: a hypothesis." [Eloy Rodriguez, Jan Clymer Cavin & Jan E. West]
  • Roessner, Thomas (1946) Revista Geográfica Americana (Buenos Aires) 29: 14-16. "El Ayahuasca, Planta Mágica del Amazonas."
  • Rosengarten, Helen & Arnold J. Friedhoff (1976) Schizophrenia Bulletin 2 (1): 90-105. "A review of recent studies of the biosynthesis and excretion of hallucinogens formed by methylation of neurotransmitters or related substances."
  • Ross, S.A. et al. (1980) Fitoterapia 51: 309-312. "Studies for determining antibiotic substances in some Egyptian plants. Part II. Antimicrobial alkaloids from the seeds of Peganum harmala." [From Ahmad 1992]
  • Rouhier, Alexandre (1924) Paris médical, partie para-médicale 52: 341. "Le yagé: plante télépathique." [Work performed using poorly identified material; lacking herbarium vouchers.]
  • Rouhier, Alexandre (1926) Bull. Sci. Pharmacol. 252-261. "Documents pour servir à l'étude du Yagé."
  • Rovelli, Bruno & Goeffrey N. Vaughan (1967) Australian Journal of Chemistry 20: 1299-1300. "Alkaloids of Acacia. I. Nb,Nb-Dimethyltryptamine in Acacia phlebophylla F.Muell."
  • Rozenfeld, A.D. (1931) Chemical Abstracts 25: 2811. "Harmine and its Preparation from the Root Peganum harmala L." Abstracts Farm. Zhur. 1930, 183-186, 293-295.
  • Rueike, O.C. et al. (1961) Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Rept. 6, no. 3, pp. 8-9. "Ronphagrass and sheep don't mix." [O.C. Rueike, P.E. Loggins, J.T. McCall, C.B. Ammerman & C.F. Simpson.) [from Marten & Heath 1973]
  • Ruf, I. (1972) Bull. Soc. Suisse americanistes 36: 73-80. "Le "dutsee tui" chez les Indiens Culina de Pérou."
  • Ruíz Lopez, Hipólito & José Antonio Pavón (1799) Flora Peruviana 2: 58, t. 205; 2: 59, t. 207, f. b.; 2: 61, t. 210. (Psychotria descriptions)
  • Rusby, H.H. (1923) Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 12 (1): 52-54. "South American exploration."
  • Rusby, H.H. (1923) Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. 12 (12): 1123. "The aboriginal uses of caapi."
  • Rusby, H.H. (1924) Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association 13 (2): 98-99. "The pharmacodynamic of caapi."
  • Rusby, H.H. (1927) Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 7: 376-387. "Descriptions of New Genera and Species of Plants Collected on the Mulford Biological Exploration of the Amazon Valley, 1921-1922."
  • Russo, E.B. et al. (1996-1997) MAPS (Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies 7 (1): 4-8. "Schedule 1 Research Protocol: An Investigation of Psychedelic Plants and Compounds for Activity in Serotonin Receptor Assays for Headache Treatment and Prophylaxis." (Ethan B. Russo, Rustem Medora, Keith Parker & Charles Thompson)
    Material not in this article was from E.B. Russo "Plants of the Machiguenga" at http://www.montana.com/manu/
  • Rutter, R. (1990) Catálago de Plantas Utiles de la Amazonia Peruana. pages, 68, 79, 103, 113. Instituto Linguistico de Verano, Ministerio de Educaión, Lima [From Desmarchelier et al. 1996]
  • Saa & Jose (1972) Acta Cient. Compostelana 9: 159.
  • Saavedra, J. & J. Axelrod (1972) Science 24: 1365-1366. This is a bad citation
  • Safford, William E. (1916)a Annual Report Smithsonian Institution 387-424 plus 17 plates. "Narcotic Plants and Stimulants of the Ancient Americans."
  • Safford, William Edwin (1916)b Washington Academy of Sciences 6: 547-562. "Ethnobotany. Identity of Cohoba, the Narcotic Snuff of Ancient Haiti."
  • Safford, William E. (1920) Annual Report Smithsonian Institution 537-567 plus 13 plates. "Daturas of the Old World and New: An Account of their Narcotic Properties and their Use in Oracular and Initiatory Ceremonies."
  • Safford, William E. (1921) Washington Academy of Sciences 8: 173-189. "Synopsis of the genus Datura."
  • Safina et al. (1970) Trudy Instituta Botaniki Akademij Nauk Kazakskoj SSR 28: 226-235
  • Salcedo, Mario B. (1986) Un Herbolario de Chajaya Devela sus Secretos. Ediziones Senpas: La Paz, Bolivia. 165 pages.
  • Samorini, Giorgio (1994) Percorsi Psichedelici (articolo scelti dal Bollettino SISSC) 67-77. "Una pianta per gli psiconauti attuali e futuri siriaca (Peganum harmala)." [First published in (1994) Boll SISSC 8: 7-13.]
  • Sax, Newton Irving (1984) Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. Sixth Edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold. Citing Chemical Systems Laboratory [i.e. the US Army Armament Research and Development Command. Chemical Systems Laboratory. NIOSH Exchange Chemicals. Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010.] See also Sax, Newton Irving & Richard J. Lewis Sr. (1989) Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 7th edition. 3 volumes. Van Nostrand Reinhold. ISBN 0-442-28020-3 (set).
  • Schipper & Volk (1960) Dtsch. Apoth. Ztg. 100: 255
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1954) Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 16: 241-260. "A new narcotic snuff from the northwest Amazon."
  • Schultes, R.E. (1957) Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 18 (1): 1-56. "The Identity of the Malpighiaceous Narcotics of South America."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1961) Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 19 (5):123-124. "A Reputedly Toxic Malouetia From the Amazon."
  • Schultes, R.E. (1963)a The Harvard Review 1: 18-32. "Hallucinogenic Plants of the New World."
  • Schultes, R.E. (1963)b Psychedelic Review 1: 145-166. "Botanical sources of the New World narcotics."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1966) Lloydia 29 (4): 293-308. "The Search for New Natural Hallucinogens."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1967)a "The Place of Ethnobotany in the Ethnopharmacological Search for Psychotomimetic Plants." pp. 33-57 in D.H. Efron et al. (eds) Ethnopharmacologal Search for Psychotomimetic Drugs. Public Health Service Publication No. 1645.
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1967)b "The Botanical Origins of South American Snuffs." pp. 291-306 in D.H. Efron et al. (eds) Ethnopharmacologal Search for Psychotomimetic Drugs. Public Health Service Publication No. 1645.
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1969)a Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 22 (4): 133-164. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes IV."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1969)b Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 22 (6): 229-240. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes V. Virola as an orally administered hallucinogen."
  • Schultes, R.E. (1969)c "The Unfolding Panorama of the New World Hallucinogens." pp. 336-354 in Gunkel (ed.), Current Topics in Plant Sciences.
  • Schultes, R.E. (1969)d Bulletin on Narcotics 21 (3): 3-16. "The plant kingdom and hallucinogens. (part I)"
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1969)e Bulletin on Narcotics 21 (4): 15-27. "The plant kingdom and hallucinogens (part II)"
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1970)a Annual Review of Plant Physiology 21: 571-594. "The botanical and chemical distribution of hallucinogens."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1970)b Bulletin of the Morris Arboretum 21: 3-14. "The New World Indians and their hallucinogenic plants."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1970)c Bulletin on Narcotics 22 (1): 25-53. "The plant kingdom and hallucinogens. (part III)"
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1972)a Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 23 (3): 137-147. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes X. New Data on the Malpighiaceous Narcotics of South America."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1972)b Göteborgs Etnografiska Museum Etnologiska Studier 32: 115-138. "Ilex guayusa from 500 A.D. to the present."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1972)c Plant Science Bulletin. 18 (4): 34-40. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XI. The Ethnotoxicological Significance of Additives to New World Hallucinogens."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1975)a Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 24 (6): 121-131. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XIII. Notes on Poisonous or Medicinal Malpighiaceous Species of the Amazon."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1975)b "Present Knowledge of Hallucinogenically Used Plants: A Tabular Summary." pp. 1-28, Ch. One in: V.C. Runeckles (ed.) Recent Advances in Phytochemistry. Volume 9. Plenum Press. ISBN # 0-306-34709-1.
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1977)a Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 25 (4): 99-104. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XV. Desfontainia: a new Andean hallucinogen."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1977)b Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 25 (4): 109-130. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XVI. Miscellaneous notes on biodynamic plants of South America."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1978)a "Solanaceous hallucinogens and their role in the development of the New World cultures." pp. 137-160 in J.G. Hawkes et al. (eds.) The Biology and Taxonomy of the Solanaceae. Linn.Soc.Symp.ser. N. 7, London, Academic Press.
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1978)b Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 26 (5): 177-197. ". "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXIII. Notes on biodynamic plants of aboriginal use in the northwestern Amazonia."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1978)c Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 26 (9-10): 311-337. "Evolution of the Identification of the Major South American Narcotic Plants."
  • Schultes, R.E. (1979) Bot Mus. Lflt. 23: 137-? "New data on the Malpighiaceous narcotics of South America." (from McKenna et al. 1986.)
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1979)a Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 27 (5-6): 143-153. "Discovery of an ancient guayusa plantation in Colombia."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1979)b "The Place of Ethnobotany in the Ethnopharmacological Search for Psychotomimetic Plants." pp. 33-57 in D.H. Efron et al. (eds) Ethnopharmacologal Search for Psychotomimetic Drugs. New York: Raven 1979. Reprint of Efron et al. (eds.) (1967).
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1979)c Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 11 (1-2): 13-24. "Hallucinogenic Plants: Their earliest botanical descriptions."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1980) Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 28 (1): 1-45. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXVI. Ethnopharmacological notes on the flora of northwestern South America."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1982) Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 14 (3): 205-220. "The Beta-carboline Hallucinogens of South America."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1983)a Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 29 (2): 133-137. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXXI. Further Ethnopharmacological Notes on Malpighiaceous Plants of the Northwestern Amazon."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1983)b Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 29 (3): 251-272. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXXII. Notes, Primarily of Field Tests and Native Nomenclature, on Biodynamic Plants of the Northwest Amazon."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1983)c Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 29 (4): 343-365. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXXIII. Ethnobotanical, Floristic and Nomenclatural Notes on Plants of the Northwest Amazon."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1983)d Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India. 23 (1-4): 160-168. "Psychoactive Plants in Need of Chemical Study."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1985)a Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 30 (3):195-197 (pp. 61-63 printed on page - misprint.) "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXXVI. A Novel Method of Utilizing the Hallucinogenic Banisteriopsis."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1985)b Journal of Ethnopharmacology 14 (2,3): 105-124. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXXIV. Biodynamic rubiaceous plants of the northwest Amazon." [Schultes 1985a in Ott 1994]
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1986)a América Indigena 46 (1): 9-47. "El desarrollo histórico de la identificación de las malpigiáceas empleadas como alucinógenos." [Schultes 1986b in Ott 1994]
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1986)b Journal of Ethnobiology 6 (2): 229-238. "Recognition of variability in wild plants by Indians of the northwest Amazon: An enigma." [Schultes 1986a in Ott 1994]
  • Schultes, Richard Evans (1987) Boletin de Antropologia (Univ. Antioquia, Colombia) 6 (21): 89-98. "Algunos apuntes etnofarmacologicos de la Amazonia Columbiana."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Norman R. Farnsworth (1980) Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University. 28 (2): 123-214. "Ethnomedical, Botanical and Phytochemical Aspects of Natural Hallucinogens."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Albert Hofmann (1979) Plants of the Gods. Origins of Hallucinogenic Use. Alfred Van Der Marck Editions 1979. Originally published by McGraw-Hill: New York 1979
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Albert Hofmann (1980) The Botany and Chemistry of the Hallucinogens, 2nd Edition. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill.
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Albert Hofmann (1983) Botanica e chimica degli allucinogeni. Roma (Cesco Ciapanna)
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Albert Hofmann (1992) Plants of the Gods. Origins of Hallucinogenic Use. Healing Arts Press 1992
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Bo Holmstedt (1968) Rhodora 70: 113-160. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes. II. The Vegetal Ingredients of the Myristicaceous Snuffs of the Northwest Amazon."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Bo Holmstedt (1971) Lloydia 34 (1): 61-78. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes. VIII. Miscellaneous Notes on Myristicaceous Plants of South America."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Robert F. Raffauf (1960) Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 19 (5):109-122. "Prestonia: An Amazonian Narcotic or Not?"
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Robert F. Raffauf (1986) Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 30 (4): 255-283. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes XXXVII. Miscellaneous notes on medicinal and toxic plants of the northwest Amazon."
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Robert F. Raffauf (1990) The Healing Forest. Medicinal and Toxic Plants of the Northwest Amazonia. Portland, Oregon; Dioscorides Press.
  • Schultes, Richard Evans & Robert F. Raffauf (1992) Vine of the Soul: Medicine Men, Their Plants and Rituals in the Colombian Amazon. Synergetic Press, Oracle, Arizona.
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  • Schultes, R.E. et al. (1977)b Botanical Museum Leaflets. Harvard University 25 (10): 273-287. "De Plantis Toxicariis e Mundo Novo Tropicale Commentationes. XVIII. Phytochemical Examination of Spruce's Ethnobotanical Collection of Anadenanthera peregrina." [Richard Evans Schultes, Bo Holmstedt, Jan-Erik Lindgren & Laurent Rivier]
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  • Vickers, William T. & Timothy Plowman (1984) Useful Plants of the Siona and Secoya Indians of Eastern Ecuador. Fieldiana, Botany, New Series, No. 15 (pp. i-iii, 1-63), Field Museum of Natural History, USA.
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