Two dried "peyote buttons", more than 5000 years old, were found in Shumla cave and tested by radio carbon dating and GC/MS. They were found to contain mescaline. Peter Furst mentioned these results in a 1989 publication, and the tests were re-confirmed in 2005 by El-Seedi et al. An article by Terry et al in 2006 reported that these were not actually peyote buttons, but formed artifacts made from peyote and other plants!

Citation needed.

"Comanche Jack was also said to have tended fire for Charcoal, to have been a subchief to Quanah Parker, and to have been the first to use the name of Jesus in peyote meetings." Stewart OC. Peyote Religion, page 70.

"In 1880, with the availability of peyote and the new stability of life on the reservation, peyotism spread rapidly. [...] Gnerally, the person who wished to become a roadman was already distinguished as a medicine man. Often he was a tribal leader or chief who had attended one of the schools or the prisomer-of-war camp, who understood English and something about white culture and religion, or who was otherwise outstanding. Most of these leaders were members of a Christian mission and sometimes were active participants. Later, many were active, also in the Ghost Dance. Few found conflict in participating in shamnistic curing practices, ancient Indian ceremonials such as the Sun Dance, peyotism, and Christian Sunday Schools." Stweart OC. Peyote Religion. page 68.

Arthur Heffter conclusively demonstrated that mescaline was the main hallucinogenic component in peyote by consuming 150 mg of mescaline hydrochloride. This was the first psychedelic experience with a purified compound.

Notebook 4, page 471

April 2 1960. 350mg of mescaline administered orally at 9:15A.M.
Subjects: A.T. Shulgin, Robert Thompson, Nina Shulgin
Observers: Taylor + Veronica Wolf, Henry Brock.

There is some confusion around this because he told an LA Times Reporter I first explored mescaline in the late '50s, Shulgin says. Three-hundred-fifty to 400 milligrams. I learned there was a great deal inside me, he replies.

However PIHKAL indicates his first mescaline trip was in April 1960 at 400mg, but the hand written notes in Pharmacology Notes IV gives 350mg as the dose. However, a different notebook records a different mescaline trip on April 16, 1960 with just ATS and one observer (DP) where the dose taken was 400mg.

We assume that his offhand remark to a reporter about the '50s was just a small memory error and the confusion between 350 and 400mg as his first dose is of no historical importance.

Exhibited at the University of Pennsylvania Museum in Philadelphia, Mythic Visions featured 31 yarn paintings by shaman-artist José Benítez Sánchez, considered the leading Huichol artist using this medium.

Held at the University of Neuchâtel, Switzerland and produced by the Institute of Ethnology, this event featured presenters from France, Switzerland, Spain, and Peru, including Sébastien Baud, Christian Ghasarian, François Kaech, Rama Leclerc, Jacques Mabbit, Ilario Rossi, Marie-Laure Schick, and Bernard Weniger, as well as a documentary exhibition.