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“Prenatal cocaine exposure and public policy: Not enough data”. 
Brown University Digest of Addiction Theory and Application. 1992 Jun 31;p1-3.
Abstract
Five critical issues are identified that arise from methodological limitations exhibited in work published to date on infants exposed to cocaine in utero:

1. the populations studied have not been defined carefully or sampled adequately, making it unwise to generalize to all cocaine using pregnant women and their children;

2. it is difficult to identify women who use cocaine during pregnancy;

3. the time, amount, and duration of exposure to cocaine during pregnancy may result in different outcomes;

4. the effects of intrauterine cocaine exposure need to be isolated from the confounding effects of parental behaviors and community environment where cocaine use is prevalent; and

5. intervention and remediation measures need to be informed by research that identifies the specific developmental functions that are compromised by the cocaine exposure. It is contended that labeling and isolating infants and young children because of their prenatal experience are irrational and inhumane actions.
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